Turbine.



LKADIBRA. U I v TURBINB. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 11, 1908.

2 BHEETHKBST 1- YATBNTBD AUG. 4. 190a.

I a hemfi omd fig of which the I 1mm) STATES-PATENT; onnion. I

JOSEPH KADIERA,-OF cnicae iLLiNois, ASSIGNOR or own-HALF To T. J. HRUBY, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 1

.TURBINE.

' Application filed January 11, 1908. Serial No. 410,378.,

' To all'whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, JOSEPH KADIE A, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hun ary, residing at Chicago, in the county of 00k and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Im Movement in TurbineEngiues,

following is a specification.

My invention relates, more particularly, to the type of engines employing a rotary piston or turbine wheel provided with a plurality of impact-surfaces against which the motive fluid is directed; and my primary object is to improve the effectiveness of engines of this type by using the power of the motive fluid for driving the engine to the greatest advantage.

A further object is to provide an engine which will develop high speed and great power when driven in both forward and reveise directions. 7

Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a view in vertical sectional elevation of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a section taken at the line 2 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of one side of the inner casing of the engine showing the mechanism for operating its fluidressure valves; Fig. 4 is a similar view of t e o posit-e side of the inner casing showing the ocation of the pipes throu h which the fluid-pressure is supplied to tie inner casing; and Fig. 5 is a broken section taken at the line 5 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow, the rotary member of the engine bein removed in this view.

The outer shell or casing of the engine, which is shown to be of general cylindrical form, is represented at 6, and is formed to provide a tubular extension 7 on its lower end which communicates with a pipe 8 fixed in a standard 9 and 7 through which the s ent fluid exhausts as hereinafter described.

ne side of the casing is open and is adapted to be closed by a coverplate-\10- secured thereto as by bolts 11.

Secured to the cover-plate 10, asby screws 12, is an inner cylindrical-casing 13 provided on its upper and lower portion with ribs 14, 14. The casing 13, which contains diametrically op osedppenings 15, 15 in its cylindrical wall is spaced throughout the greater portion of its circumference from the inner circumference of the outer casing to afford outlet passages 16, 16 communicating with Specification of Letters Patent. I i

Paienteaa 4,1908. I

' the openings 15 and with a passage? pro I vided in the extension 7. The rotary member or turbine-wheel of theengine is repre- I sented at 17, and as shown is of hollow form withstub-axles 18, 18 extending from its 0 sides in opposed direct-ions for journaling the wheel in the sides of the inner and outer casings, one end of the shaft extending beyond the outer casing, as represented, for receiving any suitable power transmission device 35 (not shown), for transmitting the power generated by the wheel for any desired purpose.

The sides of the wheel 17 are so proportioned relative to the sides of the casing as to permit the wheel to readily revolve therein without ermitting undue escape of motive fluid. T e periphery of the wheel 17 between the circumferential DHLI lIIS of its sides is transversely grooved to orm a succession .of abutmeiits or fluid impact surfaces, the forms and arrangement of which are preferably as represented in Fig. 1, the following being a description thereof: A series of grooves 19 of arc shape in cross-section and preferably of uneven number, each 30 forming an impact surface 20 and 21, and each of said grooves separated from the other by a pair of oppositely extending grooves 22 and 23, walls of which undercut the rim of the wheel in which the adjacent s5 grooves 19 are contained, and form pockets,

between each of which pair of pockets is located a wall 24 having tapering and preferably arc-sha ed surfaces 25, 26, as represented. formed by the taperingwalls of the-pockets 22 and 23, preferably extend flush with the sides of the wheel, thereby affording a journal fit of the wheel at its circumference in the casing.

In the construction illustrated, the arrangement of the inlets, for the motive fluid, which may be compressed air, steam, water, gas or the like, is as follows:

The fluid is ada ted to be dischar ed against the wheel mm above and be ow through the inlets 13 or 13 in the casing, which extend tangentially of the wheel 17. These inlet-passages lead from bores 29, 29

provided in the wall of the casing 13 and site end 33, the open ends of the tubes com The ribs 27 and 28, and the ribs 24 9o municating with branch pipes 34 extending through a side of the casing-13 and united at their outer ends to a main pipe 35 through.

which a supply -of fluid is introduced into the en ine. The squared ends 32 of the valves have cranks 33 fixed to them which are pivotally connected through the medium of links 34* with the opposite .ends of a rigid bar 35 journaled on a sleeve 36 surrounding a journal bearing 37 carried by one side of the inner casing 13, a handle 38 being rovided for turning the bar 35*. on its *jourua to turn the valves in the openings 29. The operation of the device is as follows: Assuming the valves to; be in the position illustrated in Fig. 1 in which the slits'31 of the'xyalves are out of registration with the inlets 13 and 13 to operate the engine, as for instance from left to right, the handle 38 is turned to the left, thereby causing the slits 31 of the valves to re ister with the inlets 13", whereupon the uid entering the engine at a: discharges through the inlets 13 into imp ement with the tapering walls 25 of the p d kets 22, the im act-surfaces 21 and into thev ockets 23, tliese impact-surfaces and pocl iets as they are brought into registrationwith the inlets 13 being successively acted upon by the fluid as i leaves the inlets. The spent-fluid discharge .from the grooves in the wheel through the ophnings 15 and thence between the inner and outer casings to the exhaust. The engine mayibe reversed by turning the handle 38 to the right to cause the slits in the valves to register with the inlets 13", whereupon the motive fluid impinges against the impact surfaces 20 and theta ering walls 26 of the pockets and forces itseif into the pockets 22, and thus causes the wheel to rotate in the reverse direction.

The rovision of the arc-shaped grooves 19, an other rounding surfaces as shown,

presents a structure affording but slight resistance to the air, which, owing to the rapid rotation of the wheel 17, the eriphery of the latter must encounter, and t ierefore the re tarding effect of imprisoned air between, the wheel 17 and the casing 13 is minimized.

The provision of the impact-surfaces 20 and 21, the impact-surfaces afforded by the tapering walls 25 and 26 of the pockets 22 and 23 andthe oppositely disposed pockets,

affords a construction capable of great speed of rotation and of high power when running in either direction.

Another important feature of the engine is that of its capability of ra id reversal while running at maximum speer this result being due to the formation of the periphery of the wheel in accordance with my invention.

While I have shown and described the member 17 as having grooves of a particular shape formed in it for affording impact-sur-' faces and pockets, I do not. wish to be understood as 'miting myself to the articular formation shown, as various morifications may be made without departing from the 4 of pairs of oppositely dis osed ockets with a rib interpos between t 1e poc ets of each of said airs and having tapering curved walls forming opposedimpact-surfaces for receiving the impact of the motive fluid introduced into the engine.

2. In a turbine engine, a rotary member journaled therein and provided with a series of pairs of op ositcly d1s 'osed ockets with a rib interposcc between t re poc rats of each of said pairs, and a pair of oppositely extendin impact-surfaces interposed between eac pair of pockets, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a turbine engine, a rotar member journaled therein and provided with a series of airs of oppositely d1s Josed pockets with a pair of oppositely exten ing impact-surfaces interposed between each pair 0 pockets, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a turbine engine, a rotary member journaled therein and provided with a series of pairs of oppositely disposed pockets of curved shape in cross-section with a rib interposed between the pockets of each of said airs and having tapering curved walls orming opposed impact-surfaces, and a pair of oppositely tapering curved impact-surfaces lnterposed between each pair of pockets, for the purpose set forth. JOSEPH KADIERA. In presence of RALPH A. SCHAEFER, W. T. Jones. 

